Panax ginseng has been one of the most prized tonic herbs of Chinese medicine for more than 2,000 years. It is used principally in combination with other tonic herbs, as a strengthening, "warming" tonic herb alleged to rejuvenate and revitalize the body. Known as Chinese or Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng is a close relative of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium), which the Chinese consider a "cooling" tonic. Asian ginseng is increasingly rare in the wild but is cultivated in both North America (mostly for export) and Asia. Ironically, American ginseng is most highly prized in Asia, while Chinese ginseng is most highly prized in western countries. There is no clear nutritional/medicinal advantage of one species over the other, and these cultural preferences seem nothing more than an amusing example of the "grass is always greener next door" syndrome.

Benefits and Uses

In Asia, ginseng is used for a variety of functions, primarily to boost energy levels and alertness in older persons. It is also used to enhance resiliency and balance metabolism in the face of stress – a property that gives rise to the term "adaptogen," coined in the 1960’s by Soviet researchers in reference to Siberian ginseng (an unrelated plant with similar chemical and biological properties). It is also used to strengthen the sexual system, improve athletic performance and endurance, gently stimulate the nervous system, and enhance memory and concentration. Research has proved that ginseng helps to regulate blood pressure, balance blood-sugar levels (a traditional use is in the control of diabetes), and support the adrenal glands, thymus and spleen (thus boosting immunity). Practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine often prescribe ginseng to strengthen immunity in the elderly.